Solvent-free transesterification of methyl levulinate and esterification of levulinic acid catalyzed by a homogeneous iron(III) dimer complex

Important raw materials are obtained from waste pulp from the wood and paper industry. These include levulinic acid, from the processing of which we obtain fuel additives, plasticizers and cosmetic ingredients. These articles describe sustainable methods for their preparation by convenient iron(III)-based catalysts.